Essay on Offender Classification and Therapy - 1514 Words

Over the last few decades classification systems for offenders have been used for a variety of organizational purposes. Over time these classification systems have evolved, not only as a whole in the criminal justice system, but also varying between different organizations. Classification systems that create models based on the risks and needs of offenders are most popular. Throughout the years these models and the purposes for their use have been in a state of change, as well as the way their effectiveness is gaged. One of the most commonly used classification systems for offenders is the combination of risk assessment and need assessment. The combination of these two systems of classification is rather new. The earliest types of†¦show more content†¦The second generation was characterized by the custody classification risks and parolees being classified on their risk of reoffending based on their custody classification. These early models were administered routinely but scores rarely changed because the information in the assessment was static and did not change over time (Van Voorhis, et al., 2009). Such information as the severity of prior convictions, and prior felonies did not change between assessments and led to an overly simple classification system that did not offer any options for treatment or change within offender behavior. Additionally, it was proven that the earliest risk assessment models were not accurate in dealing with female offenders because the history of women off enders is not as indicative of future behavior as it is with male offenders (Van Voorhis et al., 2008). While the original risk assessment models were helpful in achieving a basic glance at offender behavior risks, it lacked the quality assessment tools needed to not only determine whether an offender was going to be a danger while institutionalized or the community once paroled, but to fully offer options for rehabilitation. More recently, the combination of risk/needs assessments have changed the course of classification models. No longer are risks assessments conducted solely for the institutionalized but also are used to foresee new transgressions with needs that are similarly elements of offenderShow MoreRelatedResponse Paper On Sexual Offenders1653 Words   |  7 PagesSexual offenders refer to sexual acts against a victim’s will and includes a wide range of behaviors ranging from exposing oneself in a public place to rape. Probation and parole officers have the difficult task of working with sexual offenders and trying to help them during their rehabilitation process. From researching different sources, I have concluded that risk assessment, treatment, supervision, and restrictions/registration have effectively helped by working with sexual offenders in the communityRead More Investigative Psychology Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagescause of death. Forensic hypnosis is an interview or inte rrogation method used by trained and credentialed professionals. Lastly, geographic mapping is a method of research â€Å"concerned with analyzing spatial patterns of crimes committed by numerous offenders over a period of time (Bartol Bartol, 2008).† Geographic profiling is the analysis of a single serial offender’s geographic movement. Due to the complexities of investigative psychology these methods have been scrutinized. In order for theseRead MorePrison Corrections, Treatment Programs, Rehabilitation, And The Prevention Of Recidivism861 Words   |  4 Pagesprograms, rehabilitation, and the prevention of recidivism is a process that can only be measured in small percentage points†¦sometimes gaining, sometimes losing, and on an individual level, in the trenches, between the agents of the system and the offenders, a sometimes lumbering, attempt and daily challenge to hold ground. The nature of crime and punishment (rehabilitation and prevention) is fragile and tenuous by nature, with no grand sweeping touchdowns or grand slams. With the nation’s correctionalRead MorePrison and Rehabilitation1051 Words   |  5 PagesIntentions of rehabilitation Rehabilitation is specific programs applied within a prison setting intended to bring about the end of criminal behavior called desistance, meaning to cease or stop. It is supposed to be a simple formula: prisoner classification X appropriate programming X positive participation = probability of desistance. Get the inmate into the right program, keep him in there long enough to complete successfully, and put the inmate into the community to test their non-criminal behaviorRead MorePrison Treatment1471 Words   |  6 PagesOffenders and the Need for Treatment A hard line stance by law enforcement to treat addiction with a criminal justice approach rather than with a public health approach has resulted in over-crowded prisons and offenders in need of treatment. The rise of the prison population began with enactment of the federal Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 and The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Olson Lurigio, 2014). Highlighting the escalating prison population, Olson and Lurigio (2014) noted from 1990-2000 the stateRead MoreInmates with special needs1204 Words   |  5 PagesCJA/234 November 25, 2013 Richard Gilbert Inmates with Special Needs Inmate with special needs, mental illnesses, substance-abuse issues, juvenile offenders, and older inmates are all considered special offenders upon entering the correctional facility and classification process. These inmates are classified as special offenders, which refers to inmates with behavioral issues that will need close supervision, specific treatment plans, and sometimes treatment outside the correctional facilityRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is The Highest Rate For Juvenile Crime1733 Words   |  7 Pagesoffer are all different. So why does the U.S have the highest rate for juvenile crime? The United States has the highest rate for juvenile crime yet, like several other countries the U.S juvenile courts seeks to rehabilitate and discourage youthful offenders from criminal activity by having a variety of programs to help and using imprisonment as a last resort. Although children of any age can be charged in juvenile court, children under the age of fourteen cannot be charged with a crime unless the prosecutorRead More Female Sex Offenders: Perception is Not Reality1640 Words   |  7 Pagesfemale sex offenders differently than male sex offenders, the punishments of female sex offenders are more lenient than men who commit the same types of crimes, and the differences between male and female victims are all perception and not reality. Objective considerations to additional factors make the perceptions baseless. These additional factors solidify the factual differences between male and female sex offenders. The acceptance that the court system often treats female offenders differentlyRead MoreEssay about Therapy, Not Punishment843 Words   |  4 PagesTherapy, Not Punishment Problems with crime have always been a concern to society. There are many different ideas about what causes it and even more ideas about how to stop it. Dr. Karl Menninger believes that our current prison system is not adequately addressing the motivation behind crime. In his article Therapy, Not Punishment, Menninger says of the old prison system, In its place should go a quiet, dignified, therapeutic programÉ (544). He sets forth the claim of policy that criminalsRead MorePrisons : Prisons And Prisons1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthe general public often misinterprets the difference between jails and prisons. For long confinement terms, jails are not used to hold sentenced offenders. However, jails are the oldest of the correctional components. According to Seiter (2011), jails were initiated prior to halfway houses, parole, probation, or prisons. Also, jails hold various offenders such as those being held administratively for a criminal justice agency, waiting to transfer to anot her facility, being detained a pending trial

James Monroe Essay examples - 2365 Words

James Monroe was born in the quiet town of Westmoreland County, Virginia on April 28, 1758. His father, Spencer Monroe, was married to Elizabeth Jones in 1752. Spencer Monroe was a circuit judge and a farmer for the town (Kane 40). Monroe was the oldest of five. There were four other children; Andrew, Joseph, and Elizabeth. His third brother had died in his early childhood. He attended grammar school at a small academy for boys. This school had a reputation for serving the best of men, like George Washington and John Marshall (Kane 40), which is unique because he later followed George Washington as president. George Washington was a family friend of the Monroe’s. He admired Washington and was influenced by him at a young age. At age 16†¦show more content†¦He wanted to buy land in Kentucky and open a law office in Richmond with the money he was saving. His first aspiration was not practicing law, but going to Europe and traveling the different countries. Monroe was un sure of himself and needed advice. He turned to Jefferson, but Jefferson had other plans for Monroe. He wanted Monroe to run for Virginia State Legislature. Monroe accepted and was elected into the House of Delegates in April 1782 (Stefoff 23). After much preparation, Monroe became a member of the Congress of Confederation. This event influenced him greatly. During 1786 Monroe found time to marry the love of his life. Her name was Elizabeth Kortright Monroe. Elizabeth was 17 and James was 27 years old when they were married. They had two daughters and one son (Kane 40). After the marriage and the children, Monroe quickly got back to his political views and doings. He was bored of his law practice and wanted a challenge. James served on the 170 member Virginia Ratifying Convention that decided the fate of the Constitution (Stefoff 35). In the fall of 1788, Monroe ran for Congress, but his friend and foe, James Madison, defeated him. Monroe did not give up, although he was disappointe d about the loss, he later ran for U.S. Senate against an old friend John Marshall in 1790 and came home with a victory (Stefoff 37). Monroe was divided by politics. Now there were two political parties, the FederalistShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of President James Monroe1323 Words   |  6 PagesPresident James Monroe Research Paper In this essay I will be discussing the life of President James Monroe. We will talk about his life at home, where he grew up, what he did in the Revolutionary War, and his time as president of the United States of America. First we will talk about James parents. James parents were pretty good parents and kind people. His parents names were Spence and Elizabeth Monroe (biography.com). James was their first child. Spence family emigrated from Scotland in the midRead MoreJames Monroe And The American Revolution1686 Words   |  7 PagesJames Monroe, born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, to Spence Monroe and his wife Elizabeth Jones Monroe, was a very prominent man in history. James Monroe was also a very ambitious man who would, at most times, be a potential rival to many of his close companions in the presidential elections. He was the seventh Secretary of State, served as a member of the Congress of the Confederation, served as a U.S. Senator, served as the governor of Virginia, and was the fifth U.S. president. Monroe alsoRead MoreJames Monroe And The American Revolutionary War1196 Words   |  5 Pages James Monroe was one of the most qualified men to assume the presidential office. James Monroe took office from 1817 to 1825.   As the fifth president of the United States, Monroe helped the country transition away from European affairs and focus more on domestic issues. James Monroe was homeschooled by his mother then attended Campbell Town Academy. Monroe attended College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia in the year of 1774. However, James Monroe never finished two years late in orderRead MoreJames Monroe: The Fifth President of the United States Essay564 Words   |  3 PagesJames Monroe wasn’t born to live an ordinary life, but an extraordinary one. He was born April 28, 1758, in his parents house in a forest area of Westmoreland County, Virginia. His father Spence Monroe (1727-1774) worked as a planter and carpenter. James’s mother Elizabeth Jones (1730-1774) married his father in 1752 and they both had several children together. James grew up with his siblings by the same teachings of his mother. His parents died when he was a teenager. When he became of age, heRead MoreImportance of Nationalism and Sectionalism During James Monroe Presidency874 Words   |  3 PagesThe â€Å"Era of Good Feelings† was a traditional name given to the years of James Monroe’s presidency, following the end of the War of 1812. Events such as the Louisiana Purchase, which nearly doubled the size of American land and proved the Federalist party didn’t have much as they opposed the purchase, and fighting against the Barbary Pirates which gained the American navy respect made people in America proud to be there and led up to the â€Å"good feelings.† The time was mostly characterized by an increaseRead MoreSocial Studies : James Monroe1396 Words   |  6 PagesStudies James Monroe On April 28, 1758, James Monroe was born in a town of Westmoreland County, Virginia. His parents Spence Monroe a farmer and carpenter and his mother Elizabeth Jones Monroe had seven children. Monroe was the oldest of all his siblings and was home schooled. His mother was his teacher until 1769, at the age of eleven, Monroe attended his first school, Campbeltown Academy. James had thought that he would inherit his father s farm, but in the year of 1774 Spence Monroe died. ThatRead MoreThe Rise Of Democracy By James Monroe921 Words   |  4 Pagessuperior and the foreign races were becoming excluded. In the analysis of the three designated sources, I found that the rise of democracy caused many racial, gender, and land disputes, but it also contributed to the shape of the government today. James Monroe was President shortly after the war of 1812 and had the honor of embarking in the â€Å"Era of Good Feelings†. During his term, slavery disputes in the South brought about multiple different issues. The South was pro-slavery and the North was anti-slaveryRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The United States953 Words   |  4 PagesThis document doesn’t really have an exotic name to it. It was the name of the creator. The document that is being talked about is the Monroe Doctrine. The first name of this document happens to be from (at the time) President James Monroe. He is a man that was known for being very honest, and served two terms as president. For his famous document though, it was brought up in the Seventh annual meeting for congress. The main premise of the document was for a warning to European powers to not interfereRead MoreHammering Out A Federal Republic939 Words   |  4 PagesHammering Out a Federal Republic The Monroe Doctrine and Washington’s Farewell Address, though circulated years apart, both were important playing pieces in the pronouncement of independence from the European colonies. The Monroe Doctrine was a significant document explaining how the United States would view any endeavor at European colonial expansion. Washington’s Farewell Address was a document President George Washington used to give advice on what was essential to keep the great independentRead MoreThe Era Of Good Feeling1387 Words   |  6 PagesEdgard Areas Prof. Kenyon Callahan Political Science 1 (Section 91060) October 20, 2016 James Monroe The Era of Good Feeling, described in the Miller Center website, is a period that was â€Å"marked by economic prosperity, the disintegration of the Federalist Party, and feelings of triumph after the victory in the War of 1812.† It is also connected to President James Monroe’s time in office from 1817 to 1825. The road to becoming president was a particularly easy one for him. The dominance of the Democratic-Republican

Research Paper on Work Life Balance free essay sample

Through this research, an attempt is also been made to make out the different personal motives and its main concern among the different demographic groups which could help us in designing the Work-Life Balance policies for employees in Indian Hospitality Industries. The Human Resource Management function has to constantly plan and carry out such policies which enable their employees to balance their personal and professional life. Furthermore, the increasing number of Dual Income Single Kid couples and members from nuclear families in the Indian Hospitality Industry has made Work-Life Balance practices necessary. According to (Torrington 2008), the quick increase in number of women within the workforce who are willing to combine both family and work responsibilities together, thus it is for these employees within the diverse workforce for whom the work life balance programs play a crucial role in enhancement of any employee’s overall performance within the hospitality companies. Whatever is provided in the name of Work-Life Balance may not meet the requirements of the employees in the hospitality industry with different demographic backgrounds. Through this study, an attempt has been made to recognize different personal motive and its priority with respect to Work-Life Balance amongst employees belonging to different demographic profiles. This would guide to development and improvement of the overall presentation of the employees within the organization. LITERATURE REVIEW It has been seen that over the years the trends as well as the requirements of the hospitality sector are also changing at a fast speed. This change in the work place forces the hospitality industries to make an effort and know what measures they should adopted in order to understand the different personality of different people who are working together in the same organization for the same objective. (Hebs 2002) defined Work-Life Balance as â€Å"Working practices that acknowledge and aim to support the needs of staff in achieving a balance between their homes and working lives. † Another author (Sara 2008) stated that knowledge of the Work-Life Balance issues and options are consistently stretched amongst professionals. With shortage of professionals and economy, the pressures on the existing employees look set to rise and therefore this is an area which needs to be revisited with a view of adopting best practices throughout the sector. (Fiona 2007) explains that â€Å"flexible practices are good for Work-Life Balance and managers are better in terms of maintaining a good Work-Life Balance than workers, and that the development of an appropriate Work-Life Balance policy assists in ensuring company loyalty and positive attitudes to work. (Liz 2004) explored the main barriers to women’s development and highlights the long working hours associated to managerial roles as a major problem. According to (Doherty, 2001), â€Å"often work in the hospitality industry is a way of life, with people working at all times of the day and night. Whilst this is a challenge for work-life balance, it also offers opportunities for all kinds of creative work patterns. With just a little will and imagination thes e can be designed to meet the needs of employees as well as of the business. Doherty explains that long working hours under stressful conditions is the daily routine in Indian Hospitality Industry. However this situation has risen confront and stressed on the need for the progress of work life balance for the hospitality industry. Another author (Hudson 2005) argued that the want and reason for work life varies from person to person. A small of people want a balance between work and responsibilities of children, while others may want time for themselves so that they can relax themselves after doing a lot of hard work for so much long time. In the recent Indian scenario as experienced by hospitality employees, the ageing employee population also expressed a need for work-life balance, so as to maintain their financial needs and become independent. These employees belong to generation X who gives preference to the balance between work and family lives. (Patton, 2009). However the new generation or in other words generation Y considers and values job security, job commitment and job satisfaction as valuable variables of a job. Generation Y also expresses a sheer need for work life balance in order to deal with internal and external work pressures. It has also been noticed that the thinking patterns and behavioral approaches of generation Y are more complex and diverse as compared to the employees of generation X. Another author (Jeff and Juliette 2007), proposed that employees do influence work-life balance issues in the financial service sector and that work-life balance initiatives had greater approach and quality where independent unions were recognized. In all cases, however, the amount of departure from minimal constitutional levels of condition was not great. Jennifer and Susan 2010) in their study found that part-time managers of the sample chosen in the study held varied careers while working full-time, but careers stalled once a transition to part-time work was made. The majorities were career-focused, worked intensively and felt frustrated with their lack of mobility and career progression while working part-time. RESEARCH DESIGN â€Å"Research design is a general plan of how we will go answering the research-questi on. † It would contain clear objectives, derived from my research questions. (Saunders 2003). After reviewing the literature on hospitality and the challenges that the employees face when they balance their time between work and personal life. The hospitality service sector has to change itself and struggle to attract, develop, hold and organize the services of skilled employee and trained them so that they can balance work and life easily. (Roche Brannick 2007), found that the research process provides a organized and intended approach to a research project and ensures all aspects of the project are reliable with one another. (Smith et. al. 002) argues on research design saying that it is basically organizing of research activity and including the collection of data which helps in achieving the research aims. (Saunders 2003) understood this research proposal and used it in the ‘onions’ model which describes the various research strategies and the research approach that helps in achieving the aim of the research. Data Collection: (Saunders et al. , 2007) explain s that in order to answer the research questions the most vital step is data collection. He further explains data can be collected in two ways: Primary and secondary data collection. Primary data may be defined as: â€Å"The data gathered for research from the genuine site of incident of events is called primary data. † (Sekaran, U. , 2000), whereas Secondary Data may be defined as â€Å"The studies made by others for their own purposes represent secondary data. † (Schindler, P. A and Cooper, D. , 2003). To answer this research question secondary data and primary data will be used. Gathering primary data will help us know the factors that actually will help introducing work life balance in employees from both the manager and the employees’ perspective. Collecting secondary data which has been gathered with the purpose of literature review will help to have detailed information about the research topic. This will help to substantiate the primary research being carried out. (Saunders et al. , 2007) explain that different researchers have generated a variety of classifications for secondary data. Reliability: â€Å"Reliability is primarily a matter of stability: if an instrument is administered to the same individual on two different occasions the question is, will it yield the same result? † (Smith et. al. 002) For example, it can help to measure a mannerism then every time the test is administered to a subject matter, the results should be more or less the same. But it is impossible to calculate reliability accurately, but it can be anticipated in a number of diverse ways. The sources used for the research proposal are books and articles which are measured to be reliable sources. I might generate different results if the ques tionnaires are completed in varying span of time. So for getting the questionnaires filled by the employees a time will be chosen when the employees may not be busy with their work. These approaches will be used at the time of the scheming of the questionnaire. (Saunders et al. , 2007) Validity: â€Å"Validity is a question of how far we can be sure that a test or instrument measures the attribute that is supposed to measure. † (Smith et. al. 2002). Initially we would ask an expert or group of experts to comment on the representativeness and suitability of the questions. As well as allowing suggestions to be made on the structure of the questionnaire, this will help in developing content validity and allow us to make essential measures prior to pilot testing with a group as similar as possible to the final demographic sample.

The Cultural Revolution Of The 1920S Essays - Scopes Trial

The Cultural Revolution Of The 1920S The 1920's were times of cultural revolution. The times were changing in many different ways. Whenever the times change, there is a clash between the old and the new generations. The 1920's were no exception. In Dayton, Tennessee, 1925, a high school biology teacher was arrested. He was arrested because he taught the theory of evolution. The teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of having violated the Butler Act. This was a Tennessee law that forbade the teaching of the theory of evolution in public schools. The Tennessee legislature felt that teaching evolution was wrong because it contradicted the creation theory of the Bible. The Scopes trial received worldwide publicity. The press nicknamed it the Monkey Trial because, people believed that the theory of evolution meant that humans were descended from monkeys. Clarence Darrow was the defense lawyer. Former U.S. secretary of state William Jennings Bryan was the prosecutor. The defense argued that the Butler Act was unconstitutional. They did not deny that Scopes had broken the law. He was convicted and fined $100. Darrow was quoted as saying, Scopes isn't on trial, civilization is on trial. The world was changing and scientific advances made it harder to fully accept the Bible's interpretation of creation. The older generation seemed set in their ways. It would seem that a science was on trial defending itself against traditional beliefs. The Red Scare was the result of wartime tensions. There was a growing fear of communism during the 1920's. The Red Scare became like a witch-hunt. Everyone was suspicious of each other. U. S. Attorney-General Palmer planned a round up of communists. January 2, 1920, he ordered department raids on meeting halls and homes in thirty cities nationwide to gather all suspected communists. Twenty seven hundred people were arrested without being charged with a specific crime. In all, more than 6,000 people were arrested. The raids ended after May 5th. This was due to a government ruling that mere membership in the party is not in itself a crime. Most people that were arrested were released, few of the people arrested were actually communists. The Red Scare continued when on April 1, five legitimately elected members of the New York State legislature were expelled for being members of the Socialist Party. World War I ended in 1920 with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. Russia and the United States were allies during the war. After the war, both became the world's new superpowers. As the tension between the two nations grew, so did the fear of Communism. The Ku Klux Klan was a racist organization founded in 1915 by William Simmons. The KKK's popularity peaked in the 1920's when its membership exceeded 4 million nationally, with strong organizations in the Midwest as well as in the South. The Klan began to persecute Roman Catholics, Jews, foreigners, Communists, and organized labor. Stressing white Protestant domination, the Klan enjoyed a spurt of growth in 1928 as a reaction to the Democrats' nomination for president of Alfred E. Smith, a Roman Catholic. The KKK was made up of many prejudice people that couldn't keep up with the changing times. They were comfortable with the old racist ways. They could not deal with the new, more liberal beliefs. Women of the 1920's were fighting in their own revolution. Women were fighting to break down the sex-based restrictions that were set before them. The old standards that were set were slowly being changed. Many women of the 1920's were going out and getting jobs. Over 10.6 million women were working at the end of the decade. Women like Margaret Sanger fought to educate women on the pros of using birth control. She saw many poor women that were burdened with many children. If they were educated about family planning, they could control the size of their families and keep the cost of living down. In 1921 she founded the American Birth Control League. Many people with traditional values were against birth control methods. They believed that it was against Gods will. This would cause another of the conflicts that arouse due to a changing society. With the Scopes Trial, Red Scare, the rise and fall of the KKK, and